Researchers at the Champalimaud Foundation in Lisbon have managed for the first time to identify with an imaging technique whether nerve impulses in the brains of rats are flowing in the “bottom up” (feedforward), carrying information about visual input, or in the “top down” (feedback) direction, carrying information about expectations or predictions on a given task or about our perception of the world around us. Their results, published in Nature Communications, could have important implications for understanding hallucinations and changes in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia, autism and other conditions.
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